Piltdown Hoax

The fossil was discovered by Charles Dawson in 1912, while digging in a gravel pit in a Little Village called Piltdown. The fossil would have been the missing link between apes and humans and the possibility of humans forming from early ape discoveries. By the term "missing link", I mean it would have gave many scientist proof that humans from the early century came from apes. Charles Dawson invited Arthur Smith Woodworth and Father Pierre to join him in his discovery in Piltdown. Arthur Smith Woodworth was the first to announce the findings of the fossil in  Piltdown at a meeting in December 1912 in front of the Royal Geology Society. Scientist cheered the news in and were enthusiastic about the situation. Scientist end up discovering other human like fossils in other countries like Asia and China which didn’t familiarize with the discovery in Piltdown. It wasn't until 1953 when scientist came up with a machine that gave better results in which they tested Charles Dawson findings and found out his fossils were stained to make them appear as if they were from the early century. Scientists had also discovered the teeth on the jaw fossil had been filed down to make it seems as if it belonged to the first humans when it belonged to no other than a female orangutan.

                Charles Dawson was trying to discover something first in London. There were early human fossil findings, but never in London. Charles Dawson tricked many scientists for about forty years for his early human discoveries, which were never found after he passed away. Many scientist were extremely unhappy. They opened up a case to determine who was behind the Piltdown Hoax. After this incident, it made scientist question how many of Dawson’s discoveries were fraud.

            Scientists launched the first full scale analysis with better dating methods. Scientist were able to determine how old a fossil was by measuring fluoride content of fossils. Under a microscope they notice the teeth were shaved down, and that the jaw bone was dated thousands of years ago. In which they noticed the findings from Piltdown were forged.  

            No I would not want to remove the human factor. Human’s play a huge role in science. Many scientist have found many different aspects of the world just by looking for the first findings of the early humans. Science comes with many errors, the point of science is to come up with a theory and keep testing it until it becomes right before you publish it.

            I believe taking information from unverified sources is wrong. The whole point of science is being able to test your theory which helps you and others come up with either the same conclusion or a brief argument with scientific proof that your theory may have been wrong. I believed Dawson was wrong for tricking colleges and friends into thinking his findings were legit when in reality, they were completely fraud. Made many scientist question all his other memorable findings. I believe it is best to leave a discovery alone without any proof backing up your theory.

Comparative

Lemur

 

Prosimians are animals which are found on the Madagascar and adjacent islands of South Africa. Their diets are almost dominated by fruit. Prosimians are active predators hunting for insects and other small animals in the trees. Promsimians have toilet like claws with the use for grooming and catching food to feed themselves and/or their families. Their preys usually only consist of insects, eggs and newly hatched birds. Promosians are red- green colored blind. Their eyes work like specialized lights to help them see and get around at night.

 

Spider Monkey

 

The new world monkey is one of the five families found in limited tropical forest environments such as Central and South America and parts of Mexico. Spider monkeys live in warm forest like environments that fluctuate little in temperature. The eat leaves, fruit, nuts, gums, and prey on insects. Their sizes vary from two different tiny marmosets and tamarins from twelve ounces to a twenty pound howler monkey. Their favorite food is carbohydrate-rich filled tree sap. The new world monkey taps into the top of the tree by gnawing holes in the trunk of the tree. Some tamarins species eat flower nectar as well. And the small marmosets species venture into the very top of the forest canopies to hunt insects that are abundant there.

 

Baboon

The Old World Monkey are African species that are found in a wide variety of grassland and mountainous areas with heavy winter snow such as South and East Asia,  and also the Gibraltar at the Southern tip of Spain. They sleep in trees and/or on cliff faces. Unlike the New World Monkeys they spend most of their time on the ground rather than high in the trees. There are many different species on the Old World Monkeys. They are large animals being about the size of small to medium sized dogs. The Old World Monkey spends days in large groups foraging for food on grasslands. Some have cheek pouches that expand to allow secure temporary storing for food. Some female species form sexual skin around the time of ovulation. Large male baboons hunt other monkeys, young chimpanzees and flamingos for food.





Gibbon

Gibbons have about twelve to thirteen species. Lesser apes are also know to the world as Hylobatidae. Most of the adult Lesser Apes are about three feet tall. They usually weigh about twelve to twenty pounds. Males are known as the biggest gibbon species weighing about thirty pounds. They have long bushy- hairy bodies which makes them look as though they have these buff like figures. Lesser Apes move around in trees by swinging under branches with a hand over hand motion. And unlike the Old World Monkey, the Lesser Ape lives in well defined territories in the tree tops and rarely go down to the forest floor, so they pretty much spend most of their time swinging up in the trees. Adult Lesser Apes regularly defend their territory against the others of their species with piercingly loud whooping and hooting vocalizations.

Chimpanzee

 

Chimpanzees are more familiar to humans. They are the only non-like human specie that resembles humans more than the others. Males grow up to 5 1/2 feet tall and weigh up to 100 pounds and females weigh up to about 85 pounds. Chimpanzees act just like baboons by forming in groups to hunt for food. They live in tropical forests in the Savannas of South Africa.

 

 

Just like the other species, many of these species are all found in tropical forest and they all hunt whether its for big animals, insects or other species. The most interesting thing I have learned about this assignment is even though none of these species are the same  but they all have similar traits as to where they stay and how they all have to hunt in order to survive. They all sleep and live in different circumstances. But they are only found in tropical areas. 







Homologous vs. Analogous

My choice was Tigers and Dogs. Tigers and Dogs both share the need to protect with their teeth. Tigers use their teeth to attack on their prey and use their teeth to pull off the skin and help feed themselves and their families. Dogs use their teeth to attack and to also eat and feed their families.

  

Dogs and Tigers are morally similar because they both have some of the same bone structure. Their are many different types of different breeds of each of these species. Dogs are an interesting type of species. We all know dogs are lovable creatures, man's best friend. They can be walked and they can be taught many things that rare creatures can understand coming from the human species.

 

 

Judging by both structures you notice they both have tails and 4 legs. Their similarities in bone structure is absolutely amazing. Tigers are much bigger than dogs. They eat bigger meals and bigger animals. Tigers are found in widely open areas such as forests, or jungles before they are rescued and placed in zoos and properly taking care. Most dogs are breed and/or bought and sold to the human species by other human species. We have more control over dogs. Rarely would any one of the human race capture a wild tiger and open them up to their homes. Tigers are a bit more dangerous than dogs. They require a little more security. Many people can find a stray dog, take it to the vet and get checked for rabies and shots and immediately have a new pet. I wouldn't recommend it because its extremely dangerous, but some people have done it. Tigers and Dogs both share a common ancestor know as a Felidae, which later turned into a rank of carnivora of mammals once dinosaurs were extinct.   

 

 

I believe butterflies and bees have analogous traits that were forced to have similarities due to the environment. Both of these species share a few common traits but operate in two totally different ways. Butterflies start off as caterpillars and form to a congou until they hibernate all winter and break free in spring once they turn into beautiful butterflies. Butterflies have big beautiful wings and they fly around the flowers which nourishes them. Bees on the other hand is a specie that makes honey. Bees come with a tail which stings, but once they sting you they die. Both of these species plant nectar and are important plant pollinators, but they are very different otherwise. The two share a common ancestor but didn't evolve from it.